Viewing the microstructure respectively the chemical analysis the heat-resistant steels can be divided in the group of ferritic, martensitic, austenitic steels and nickel alloys.
Such steels are generally used in applications where resistance to increased temperatures are critical. These steels are hard wearing and offer a resistance to large variations in temperature. Industrial applications include furnaces, heat exchanges and incinerators where temperatures can reach up to 1100°C.
Characteristics include corrosive resistance, creep resistance, oxidation resistance and hydrogen brittleness – all under extremely high temperatures.
Creep resistant steels are steels designed to withstand a constant load at high temperatures.
The most important application of creep resistant steels is components of steam power plants operating at elevated temperatures (boilers, turbines, steam lines).
| Alloy | BÖHLER brand | WstNo. | UNS | ISO | AMS | ASTM | Others |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 403 | T655 | 1.4006 | X12Cr13 | 403 | |||
| 403Cb | T656 | 12%Cr | 403Cb | ||||
| 420 | T651 | 1.4021 | X20Cr13 | 420 | |||
| T602 | 1.4120, ~ 1.4921 | X19CrMo12-1 | |||||
| Alloy FV520, 520B | T670 | 1.4594 | S45000 | X5CrNiMoCuNb14-5 | – | – | – |
| Alloy 450 | T671SA, T671SB | 1.4594 | S45000 | X5CrNiMoCuNb14-5 | ~XM25 | ||
| – | H500 | 1.4876 | – | X10NiCrAlTi 32-21 | – | B564 | – |
| COST E | T505SC | 1.4906 | X12CrMoWVNbN10-1-1 | ||||
| T560 | 1.4913 | X19CrMoNbVN11-1 | ~BS: S150 | ||||
| T550 | 1.4922, 1.4923, 1.4926, 1.4934 | X20CrMoV12-1, X22CrMoV12-1, X21CrMoV12-1 | STN: 17 134 | ||||
| Jethete M152 | T552 | 1.4933, 1.4938, 1.4939 | S64152 | X12CrNiMo12 | 5719 | BS: S151 | |
| 422 | T504 | ~1.4935 | 12%Cr | 422, 661 | |||
| A286 | T200 | 1.4943, 1.4944, 1.4980, 1.2779, 1.3980 | S66286 | X4NiCrTi25-15, X5NiCrTi26-15 | 5731, 5732 | A660 | AISI: 660 |
| – | T240 | 1.4962 | X12CrNiWTi16-13 | ||||
| – | T262 | 1.4986 | X8CrNiMoBNb16-16 | ||||
| 314 | H525 | 1.4841 | S31400 | X15CrNiSi25-20 | AISI 314 | ||
| Alloy 800 (H, HT, HP) | H500 | 1.4876, 1.4959, 1.4958 | N08810, N08811 | X10NiCrAlTi32-21 | – | B408, B564 | – |